Genetics of overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33064/iycuaa2022863630Keywords:
Overweight, obesity, genes, genetic polymorphisms, Mexican children, Mexican adolescentsAbstract
Overweight and obesity affect more than 340 million children and adolescents worldwide, constituting a serious public health issue. Common obesity is a multifactorial disease mainly caused by poor diet and low physical activity, but also some genes play a role in its development. Thus, our objective was to perform a literature review to identify genes associated with overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents. Thirty-six percent of the genes analyzed, 8/22, showed significant association for overweight/obesity, these genes are: FGF21, FTO, GNPDA2, HP, MC4R, PAI1, PCSK1, and PON1. Therefore, we can affirm that genetic background plays an important key in the etiology of overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents. However, we must remember that hypercaloric diet and sedentary lifestyle are still the main causes of overweight and obesity common around the world.
Downloads
Metrics
References
• Aguiar, L., Marinho, C., Martins, R., Alho, I., Ferreira, J., Levy, P., … Inacio, A. (2019). Interaction between HFE and haptoglobin polymorphisms and its relation with plasma glutathione levels in obese children. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand), 65(2), 69-74. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30860476/
• Bradfield, J. P., Vogelezang, S., Felix, J. F., Chesi, A., Helgeland, O., Horikoshi, M., … Grant, S. F. A. (2019). A trans-ancestral meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies reveals loci associated with childhood obesity. Hum Mol Genet, 28(19), 3327-3338. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6859434/
• Costa-Urrutia, P., Abud, C., Franco-Trecu, V., Colistro, V., Rodríguez-Arellano, M. E., Alvarez-Fariña, R., … Granados, J. (2020a). Effect of 15 BMI-associated polymorphisms, reported for Europeans, across ethnicities and degrees of Amerindian ancestry in Mexican children. Int J Mol Sci, 21(2), 374. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7013683/
• Costa-Urrutia, P., Flores-Buendía, A. M., Ascencio-Montiel, I., Solares-Tlapechco, J., Medina-Campos, O. N., Pedraza-Chaverri, J., … Rodríguez-Arellano, M. E. (2020b). Antioxidant enzymes haplotypes and polymorphisms associated with obesity in Mexican children. Antioxidants (Basel), 9(8), 684. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7464274/
• Creemers, J. W., Choquet, H., Stijnen, P., Vatin, V., Pigeyre, M., Beckers, S., … Meyre, D. (2012). Heterozygous mutations causing partial prohormone convertase 1 deficiency contribute to human obesity. Diabetes, 61(2), 383-390. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266396/
• De la Cruz-Mosso, U., Ramos-Arellano L. E., Muñoz-Valle, J. F., Salgado-Bernabé, A. B., Salgado-Goytia, L., Castro-Alarcón, N., … Parra-Rojas, I. (2016). PAI-1 haplogenotype confers genetic susceptibility for obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in Mexican children. Invest Clin, 57(3), 246-58.
• Dina, C., Meyre, D., Gallina, S., Durand, E., Korner, A., Jacobson, P., … Froguel, P. (2007). Variation in FTO contributes to childhood obesity and severe adult obesity. Nat Genet, 39(6), 724-726. doi: 10.1038/ng2048
• Fatima, M. T., Ahmed, I., Fakhro, K. A., & Akil, A. S. A. (2022). Melanocortin-4 receptor complexity in energy homeostasis, obesity and drug development strategies. Diabetes Obes Metab, 2024, 1-16. https://dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.14618
• Frayling, T. M., Timpson, N. J., Weedon, M. N., Zeggini, E., Freathy, R. M., Lindgren, C. M., … McCarthy, M. I. (2007). A common variant in the FTO gene is associated with body mass index and predisposes to childhood and adult obesity. Science, 316(5826), 889-894. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646098/
• García-Solís, P., Reyes-Bastidas, M., Flores, K., García, O. P., Rosado, J. L., Méndez-Villa, L., …Solís-Sáinz, J. C. (2016). Fat mass obesity-associated (FTO) (rs9939609) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) (rs17782313) SNP are positively associated with obesity and blood pressure in Mexican school-aged children. British Journal of Nutrition, 116(10), 1834-1840. doi: 10.1017/S0007114516003779
• González-Herrera, L., Zavala-Castro, J., Ayala-Cáceres, C., Pérez-Mendoza, G., López-González, M. J., Pinto-Escalante, D., … Alcocer-Gamboa, A. (2019). Genetic variation of FTO: rs1421085 T>C, rs8057044 G>A, rs9939609 T>A, and copy number (CNV) in Mexican Mayan school-aged children with obesity/overweight and with normal weight. Am J Hum Biol, 31(1), e23192. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23192.
• Google. (20 de 07 de 2022). Scholar google. Obtenido de https://scholar.google.com/
• Heindel, J. J., Howard, S., Agay-Shay, K., Arrebola, J. P., Audouze, K., Babin, P. J., . . . Roepke, T. A. (2022). Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity. Biochemical Pharmacology, 199, 115015. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115015
• Hoffstedt, J., Andersson, I. L., Persson, L., Isaksson, B., & Arner, P. (2002). The common -675 4G/5G polymorphism in the plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 gene is strongly associated with obesity. Diabetologia, 45(4), 584-587. doi: 10.1007/s00125-001-0774-5.
• Huen, K., Harley, K., Beckman, K., Eskenazi, B., & Holland, N. (2013). Associations of PON1 and genetic ancestry with obesity in early childhood. PLoS One, 8(5), e62565. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3643931/
• Institute of Human Genetics, Munich University of Technology. (2022). Tests for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and tests for association. https://ihg.helmholtz-muenchen.de/cgi-bin/hw/hwa1.pl
• Jarvela, T. S., Shakya, M., Bachor, T., White, A., Low, M. J., & Lindberg, I. (2019). Reduced stability and pH-dependent activity of a common obesity-linked PCSK1 polymorphism, N221D. Endocrinology, 160(11), 2630-2645. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892424/
• Katzmarzyk, P. T., Perusse, L., Rao, D. C., & Bouchard, C. (2000). Familial risk of overweight and obesity in the Canadian population using the WHO/NIH criteria. Obes Res 2000, 8(2), 194-197. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1038/oby.2000.21
• Klunder-Klunder, M., Mejía-Benítez, M. A., Flores-Huerta, S., Burguete-García, A. I., García-Mena, J., & Cruz, M. (2011). rs12255372 variant of TCF7L2 gene is protective for obesity in Mexican children. Arch Med Res, 42(6), 495-501. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2011.05.006.
• Kulaeva, E. D., Volchik, V. V., Bocharova, O. V., Teplakova, E. D., Shkurat, M. A., Derevyanchuk, E. G., & Mashkina, E. V. (2021). Association of SNPs in lipid metabolism gene single nucleotide polymorphism with the risk of obesity in children. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 25(6), 419-425. https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/epdf/10.1089/gtmb.2020.0343
• Kupczyk. D., Bilski, R., Sokołowski, K., Pawłowska, M., Wozniak, A., Szewczyk-Golec, K. (2019). Paraoxonase 1: The Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor type I and oxidative stress in the blood of men with type II obesity. Dis Markers, 2019, 6178017. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815624/
• Lan, N., Lu, Y., Zhang, Y., Pu, S., Xi, H., Nie, X., … Yuan, W. (2020). FTO - A common genetic basis for obesity and cancer. Front Genet, 11, 559138. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7701174/
• Li, J. M., Li, Y., & Wang, L. (2017). The genetic association between PON1 polymorphisms and osteonecrosis of femoral head: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore), 96(42), e8198. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5662370/
• Littleton, S. H., Berkowitz, R. I., & Grant, S. F. (2020). Genetic determinants of childhood obesity. Mol Diagn Ther, 24(6), 653-663. doi:10.1007/s40291-020-00496-1
• López-Rodríguez, G., Estrada-Neria, A., Suárez-Diéguez, T., Tejero, M. E., Fernández, J. C., & Galván, M. (2020). Common polymorphisms in MC4R and FTO genes are associated with BMI and metabolic indicators in Mexican children: Differences by sex and genetic ancestry. Gene, 754, 144840. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144840
• Lowry, R. (22 de 07 de 2022). Vassarstats. Obtenido de vassarstats.net: http://vassarstats.net/odds2x2.html
• Martin, B., DeWitt, P. E., Russell, S., Anand, A., Bradwell, K. R., Bremer, C., … Bennett, T. D. (2022). Characteristics, outcomes, and severity risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among children in the US national COVID cohort collaborative. JAMA Netw Open, 5(2), e2143151. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8826172/
• Martínez-Ezquerro, J. D., Rendón-Macías, M. E., Zamora-Mendoza, G., Serrano-Meneses, J., Rosales-Rodríguez, B., Escalante-Bautista, D., … Rosas-Vargas, H. (2017). Association between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and overweight/obesity in pediatric population. Arch Med Res, 48(7), 599-608. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.02.005
• Martos-Moreno, G. A., Serra-Juhé, C., Pérez-Jurado, L. A., & Argente, J. (2017). Aspectos genéticos de la obesidad. Rev Esp Endocrinol Pediatr, 8 (Suppl), 21-32. https://www.endocrinologiapediatrica.org/revistas/P1-E22/P1-E22-S1079-A391.pdf
• Mejía-Benítez, A., Klunder-Klunder, M., Yengo, L., Meyre, D., Aradillas, C., Cruz, E., … Bonnefond, A. (2013). Analysis of the contribution of FTO, NPC1, ENPP1, NEGR1, GNPDA2 and MC4R genes to obesity in Mexican children. BMC Medical Genetics, 14, 21. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3577489/
• Mendes Resende, C. M., Macedo da Silva, H. A. M., Porto Campello, C., Amaral Ferraz, L. A., Santos de Lima, E. L., Aparecida Beserra, M., … Pereira da Silva, L. M. (2021). Polymorphisms on rs9939609 FTO and rs17782313 MC4R genes in children and adolescent obesity: A systematic review. Nutrition, 91-92, 111474. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111474
• Morange, P. E., Saut, N., Alessi, M. C., Yudkin, J. S., Margaglione, M., Di Minno, G., … Ju Han-Vague, I. (2007). Association of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 (SERPINE1) SNPs with myocardial infarction, plasma PAI-1, and metabolic parameters: the HI FMECH study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27(10), 2250-2257. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.149468
• NLM, N. C. (20 de 07 de 2022). Pubmed Home. Obtenido de Pubmed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
• OMS. (25 de 07 de 2022). OMS. Obtenido de OMS: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight#:~:text=En%20el%20caso%20de%20los,igual%20o%20superior%20a%2030.
• Peralta Romero, J. J., Karam Araujo, R., Burguete García, A. I., Estrada Velasco, B. I., López Islas, C., Figueroa Arredondo, P. M. C., … & Cruz, M. (2015). ADIPOQ and ADIPOR2 gene polymorphisms: association with overweight/obesity in Mexican children. Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México, 72(1), 26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2015.02.002
• Pillay, V., Crowther, N. J., Ramsay, M., Smith, G. D., Norris, S. A., & Lombard, Z. (2015). Exploring genetic markers of adult obesity risk in black adolescent South Africans-the birth to twenty cohort. Nutr Diabetes, 5(6), e157. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4491859/
• Pyrzak, B., Demkow, U., & Kucharska, A. M. (2015). Brown adipose tissue and browning agents: Irisin and FGF21 in the development of obesity in children and adolescents. Adv Exp Med Biol, 866, 25-34. doi: 10.1007/5584_2015_149
• Ruiz-Padilla, A. J., Morales-Hernández, G., Ruiz-Noa, Y., Alonso-Castro, A. J., Lazo-de-la-Vega-Monroy, M. L., Preciado-Puga, M. D. C., … Ibarra-Reynoso, L. D. R. (2019). Association of the 3'UTR polymorphism (rs11665896) in the FGF21 gene with metabolic status and nutrient intake in children with obesity. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab, 32(9), 921-928. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0546
• Salinas-Santander, M. A., León-Cachón, R. B., Cepeda-Nieto, A. C., Sánchez-Domínguez, C. N., González-Zavala, M. A., Gallardo-Blanco, H. L., … González-Madrazo, M. A. (2016). Assessment of biochemical parameters and characterization of TNF α -308G/A and PTPN22 +1858C/T gene polymorphisms in the risk of obesity in adolescents. Biomed Rep, 4(1), 107-111. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4726844/
• Shamah-Levy, T., Campos-Nonato, I., Cuevas-Nasu, L., Hernández-Barrera, L., Morales-Ruán, M. C., Rivera-Dommarco, J., & Barquera, S. (2019). Overweight and obesity in Mexican vulnerable population. Results of Ensanut 100k. Salud Publica Mex, 61(6), 852-865. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/salpubmex/sal-2019/sal196q.pdf
• Shamah-Levy, T., Cuevas-Nasu, L., Gaona-Pineda, E. B., Gómez-Acosta, L. M., Morales-Ruán, M. C., Hernández-Ávila, M., & Rivera-Dommarco, J. A. (2018). Sobrepeso y obesidad en niños y adolescentes en México, actualización de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino 2016. Salud Publica Mex, 60(3), 244-253. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/salpubmex/sal-2018/sal183e.pdf
• Sonestedt, E., Roos, C., Gullberg, B., Ericson, U., Wirfalt, E., & Orho-Melander, M. (2009). Fat and carbohydrate intake modify the association between genetic variation in the FTO genotype and obesity. Am J Clin Nutr, 90(5), 1418-1425. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27958
• Sulimai, N. H., Brown, J., & Lominadze, D. (2022). Fibrinogen, Fibrinogen-like 1 and Fibrinogen-like 2 proteins, and their effects. Biomedicines, 10(7), 1712. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10071712
• Tang, Y., Jin, B., Zhou, L., & Lu, W. (2017). MeQTL analysis of childhood obesity links epigenetics with a risk SNP rs17782313 near MC4R from meta-analysis. Oncotarget, 8(2), 2800-2806. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5356842/
• Tanofsky-Kraff, M., Han, J. C., Anandalingam, K., Shomaker, L. B., Columbo, K. M., Wolkoff, L. E., … Yanovski, J. A. (2009). The FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele and loss of control overeating. Am J Clin Nutr, 90(6), 1483-1488. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2777464/
• Tomei, S., Mamtani, R., Al Ali, R., Elkum, N., Abdulmalik, M., Ismail, A., … Chouchane, L. (2015). Obesity susceptibility loci in Qataris, a highly consanguineous Arabian population. J Transl Med, 13:119. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4422146/
• Vázquez-Moreno, M., Locia-Morales, D., Pérez-Herrera, A., Gómez-Díaz, R. A., González-Dzib, R., Valdez-González, A. L., … Meyre, D. (2020). Causal association of haptoglobin with obesity in Mexican children: A Mendelian randomization study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 105(7), dgaa213. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa213
• Villalobos-Comparán, M., Villamil-Ramírez, H., Villarreal-Molina, T., Larrieta-Carrasco, E., León-Mimila, P., Romero-Hidalgo, S., … Canizales-Quinteros, S. (2012). PCSK1 rs6232 is associated with childhood and adult class III obesity in the Mexican population. PLoS ONE, 7(6), e39037. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3380862/
• Wan, B. N., Zhou, S. G., Wang, M., Zhang, X., & Ji, G. (2021). Progress on haptoglobin and metabolic diseases. World J Diabetes, 12(3), 206-214. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7958475/
• Willer, C. J., Speliotes, E. K., Loos, R. J., Li, S., Lindgren, C. M., Heid, I. M., …Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits Consortium. (2009). Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation. Nat Genet, 41(1), 25-34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2695662/
• Wu, L., Ma, F., Zhao, X., Zhang, M. X., Wu, J., & Mi, J. (2019). GNPDA2 gene affects adipogenesis and alters the transcriptome profile of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Endocrinol, 2019, 9145452. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6701328/
• Wu, L., Xi, B., Zhang, M., Shen, Y., Zhao, X., Cheng, H., … Mi, J. (2010). Associations of six single nucleotide polymorphisms in obesity-related genes with BMI and risk of obesity in Chinese children. Diabetes, 59(12), 3085-3089. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2992769/
• Zhang, M., Zeng, L., Wang, Y. J., An, Z. M., & Ying, B. W. (2012). Associations of fibroblast growth factor 21 gene 3' untranslated region single-nucleotide polymorphisms with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes in a Han Chinese population. DNA Cell Biol, 31(4), 547-552. doi: 10.1089/dna.2011.1302
• Zhang, Y., Liu, D., Long, X. X., Fang, Q. C., Jia, W. P., & Li, H. T. (2021). The role of FGF21 in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Chin Med J (Engl), 134(24), 2931-2943. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8710326/
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Angélica López-García, Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas, Evelia Leal-Ugarte, Saúl Armando Beltrán-Ontiveros, Juan Pablo Meza-Espinoza
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Las obras publicadas en versión electrónica de la revista están bajo la licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
