Genética del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes mexicanos
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https://doi.org/10.33064/iycuaa2022863630Palabras clave:
Sobrepeso, obesidad, genes, polimorfismos genéticos, niños mexicanos, adolescentes mexicanosResumen
El sobrepeso y la obesidad afectan a más 340 millones de niños y adolescentes alrededor del mundo, lo que constituye un problema grave de salud pública. La obesidad es una enfermedad multifactorial ocasionada principalmente por mala alimentación y baja actividad física, aunque también existen factores genéticos que desempeñan un papel importante en su desarrollo. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica para identificar genes asociados con sobrepeso y obesidad en niños y adolescentes mexicanos. El 36% de los genes analizados, 8/22, mostraron asociación significativa para sobrepeso/obesidad, dichos genes son: FGF21, FTO, GNPDA2, HP, MC4R, PAI1, PCSK1 y PON1. Entonces, se puede afirmar que la genética tiene un rol importante en la etiología del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes mexicanos. Sin embargo, se debe recordar que la alimentación hipercalórica y la falta de ejercicio, siguen siendo las causas principales del sobrepeso y la obesidad común alrededor del mundo.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Angélica López-García, Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas, Evelia Leal-Ugarte, Saúl Armando Beltrán-Ontiveros, Juan Pablo Meza-Espinoza
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