De la métrica económica a la sostenibilidad de la vida: Propuesta feminista sobre el bienestar

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33064/36euph8892

Palabras clave:

bienestar, feminismos, justicia relacional, cuidados, interdependencia, políticas públicas

Resumen

Este artículo examina críticamente las teorías tradicionales del bienestar desde
perspectivas feministas, argumentando que las concepciones dominantes —
centradas en la autonomía individual, el ingreso económico y las métricas
cuantitativas — reproducen jerarquías de género y exclusiones estructurales al
asumir un sujeto abstracto y universal. Frente a esto, el trabajo muestra que las
propuestas feministas no solo amplían las dimensiones consideradas relevantes para
evaluar el bienestar, sino que transforman sus bases onto-epistémicas y normativas
al situarlo en relaciones de interdependencia, cuidado y justicia social. A partir de un
diálogo con autoras como Martha Nussbaum, Judith Butler e Ingrid Robeyns, así
como con enfoques provenientes de la economía del cuidado y el ecofeminismo,
argumento que el bienestar debe comprenderse como un proceso relacional y
situado, sostenido en vínculos de solidaridad, en la diversidad de cuerpos y
experiencias, y en la sostenibilidad de la vida en sus dimensiones materiales,
simbólicas y ecológicas. Asimismo, analizo la traducción de estas perspectivas en
políticas públicas, mostrando que la medición y el diseño institucional del bienestar
implican decisiones normativas que pueden ampliar o restringir las condiciones de
lo vivible. En este sentido, este trabajo propone entender el bienestar no como un
estado fijo ni como una mera métrica evaluativa, sino como un horizonte político
colectivo orientado a la ampliación de formas de vida dignas y a la construcción de
sociedades más justas, plurales y sostenibles.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Alba Marcela Zárate Rochín, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Posdoctorante. Faculta de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Citas

Adler, M. D., & Posner, E. A. (2006). New foundations of cost-benefit analysis. Harvard

University Press.

Alkire, S. (2016). The capability approach and well-being measurement for public

policy. In M. D. Adler & M. Fleurbaey (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of well-being

and public policy (pp. 615–644). Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.18

Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the universe halfway: Quantum physics and the entanglement of

matter and meaning. Duke university Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/597741

Bastia, T. (2014). Intersectionality, migration and development. Progress in

development studies, 14(3), 237-248. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464993414521330

Benería, L., Berik, G., & Floro, M. (2015). Gender, development and globalization:

Economics as if all people mattered. Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203107935

Bentham, J. (2000). An introduction to the principles of morals and legislation. Batoche

Books. (Trabajo original publicado en 1781)

Benard, S., & Correll, S. J. (2010). Normative discrimination and the motherhood

penalty. Gender & society, 24(5), 616-646.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243210383142

Bhattacharya, T. (Ed.). (2017). Social reproduction theory: Remapping class, recentering

oppression. Pluto Books. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1vz494j

Bowleg, L. (2012). The problem with the phrase women and minorities:

Intersectionality—an important theoretical framework for public health.

American Journal of Public Health, 102(7), 1267–1273.

https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.300750

Burnham, T. C., & Phelan, J. (2023). Biological welfare economics: A natural science

critique of normative economics. Journal of Bioeconomics, 25(1), 1-33.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10818-023-09333-x

Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203824979

Butler, J. (2004). Undoing gender. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203499627

Butler, J. (2009). Performativity, precarity and sexual politics. AIBR. Revista de

Antropología Iberoamericana, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.11156/aibr.040305

Butler, J. (2015). Notes toward a performative theory of assembly. Harvard University

Press.

Cabnal, L. (2010). Acercamiento a la construcción de la propuesta de pensamiento

epistémico de las mujeres indígenas feministas comunitarias de Abya

Yala. Momento de paro Tiempo de Rebelión, 116(3), 14-17. https://rosalux-

ba.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/minervasfinal2PAGINAS.pdf

Chambers, C. P., & Echenique, F. (2025). Empirical welfare economics. Theoretical

Economics, 20(3), 911-939. https://doi.org/10.3982/TE5845

Chant, S. (2016). Women, girls and world poverty: empowerment, equality or

essentialism? International Development Planning Review, 38(1), 1-24.

https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2016.1

Chappell, R., Meissner, D., & MacAskill, W. (2024). An Introduction to Utilitarianism:

From Theory to Practice. Hackett Publishing.

Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality's definitional dilemmas. Annual review of

sociology, 41(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112142

Coyle, D., Fabian, M., Beinhocker, E., Besley, T., & Stevens, M. (2023). Is it time to

reboot welfare economics? Overview. Fiscal Studies, 44(2), 109-121.

https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-5890.12334

Crenshaw, K. (1997). Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and

Violence Against. The Legal Response to Violence Against Women, 5, 91.

https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039

Crisp, R. (2002). Routledge philosophy guidebook to Mill on utilitarianism. Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203410615

De La Bellacasa, M. P. (2017). Matters of care: Speculative ethics in more than human

worlds. University of Minnesota Press.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctt1mmfspt

Duran, A., & Pérez II, D. (2019). The multiple roles of chosen familia: Exploring the

interconnections of queer Latino men’s community culturalwealth. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 32(1), 67-84.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09518398.2018.1523484

Dworkin, R. (2001). What is equality? Part 1: Equality of welfare. In The notion of

equality (pp. 81-142). Routledge. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2264894

Elson, D. (1999). Labor markets as gendered institutions: equality, efficiency and

empowerment issues. World development, 27(3), 611-627.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00147-8

England, P., & Folbre, N. (1999). The cost of caring. The Annals of the American

Academy of Political and Social Science, 561(1), 39-51.

https://doi.org/10.1177/000271629956100103

Eschle, C. (2004). Feminism without Borders: Decolonizing Theory, Practicing

Solidarity. American Anthropologist, 106(3), 627.

https://doi.org/10.1525/aa.2004.106.3.627

Esquivel, V. (2014). What is a transformative approach to care, and why do we need

it? Gender & Development, 22(3), 423-439.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2014.963303

Esquivel, V. (2011). La economía del cuidado en América Latina. PNUD.

https://evaluacionyseguimientoproyectosindesol.wordpress.com/wp-

content/uploads/2015/09/ind15_atando_cabos.pdf

Federici, S. (2020). Revolution at point zero: Housework, reproduction, and feminist

struggle. PM press.

Federici, S. (2018a). El patriarcado del salario. Críticas feministas al marxismo. Madrid:

Traficantes de sueños.

Federici, S. (2018b). Re-enchanting the World: Feminism and the Politics of the Commons.

PM Press.

Fish, J. (2007). Getting equal: the implications of new regulations to prohibit sexual

orientation discrimination for health and social care. Diversity and Equality in

Health and Care, 4(3).

Fleurbaey, M. (2009). Beyond GDP: The quest for a measure of social welfare. Journal

of Economic literature, 47(4), 1029-1075. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.47.4.1029

Folbre, N. (2011). The invisible heart: Care and the global economy. En N. Kabeer &

A. Stark (Eds.), The women, gender and development reader (pp. 41–42). London:

Zed Books.

Folbre, N. (2005). Valuing Care: A Feminist Critique of Global Capitalism. In draft

notes for presentation at Invited Session, Women's Worlds 2005 International

Conference, Seoul Korea, June.

https://aaws07.org/english3/speech/4.3.NancyFolber.pdf

Fraser, N. (2013). Fortunes of feminism: From state-managed capitalism to neoliberal crisis.

Verso Books.

Fraser, N. (2007). Feminist politics in the age of recognition: A two-dimensional

approach to gender justice. Studies in social justice, 1(1), 23-35.

https://doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v1i1.979

Fraser, N., & Lamas, M. (1991). La lucha por las necesidades: esbozo de una teoría

crítica socialista-feminista de la cultura política del capitalismo tardío. Debate

feminista, 3, 3-40. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42623971

Gaard, G. (2015). Ecofeminism and climate change. Women's Studies International

Forum, 49, 20-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2015.02.004

Gatrell, C., Cooper, C. L., & Kossek, E. E. (2017). Maternal bodies as taboo at work:

New perspectives on the marginalizing of senior-level women in

organizations. Academy of Management Perspectives, 31(3), 239-252.

https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2014.0034

Hajad, V., & Ikhsan, I. (2024). Ecofeminism as a movement: Choosing between

economics and nature protection. Theoretical and Practical Research in Economic

Fields, 15(1), 91-100. https://doi.org/10.14505/tpref.v15.1(29).09

Hancock, A. M. (2007). When multiplication doesn't equal quick addition: Examining

intersectionality as a research paradigm. Perspectives on politics, 5(1), 63-79.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592707070065

Hands, D. W. (2012). The positive-normative dichotomy and economics. Handbook of

the Philosophy of Science, 13, 219-239.

https://www.dwadehands.com/uploads/1/4/0/5/140531545/positive-

normative_2012.pdf

Harcourt, W. (2023). The ethics and politics of care: reshaping economic thinking

and practice. Review of Political Economy, 1-17.

https://doi.org/10.1080/09538259.2023.2241395

Harsanyi, J. C. (1977). Rule utilitarianism and decision theory. Erkenntnis, 11(1), 25-

53. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00169843

Harvey, J. T. (2010). Neoliberalism, neoclassicism and economic welfare. Journal of

Economic Issues, 44(2), 359-368. https://doi.org/10.2753/JEI0021-3624440208

Hausman, D. M., & McPherson, M. S. (2007). The philosophical foundations of

mainstream normative economics. The philosophy of economics: an

anthology, 226, 247. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511819025.017

Hooks, B. (2000). Feminist theory: From margin to center. Pluto press. (Trabajo original

publicado en 1984).

Ibrahim, S., & Alkire, S. (2007). Agency and empowerment: A proposal for

internationally comparable indicators. Oxford development studies, 35(4), 379-

403. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810701701897

Kittay, E. F. (2019). Love's labor: Essays on women, equality and dependency. Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315108926

Kittay, E. F. (2005). At the margins of moral personhood. Ethics, 116(1), 100-131.

Kittay, E. F. (2001). When caring is just and justice is caring: Justice and mental

retardation. Public Culture, 13(3), 557-579. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/26257

Kymlicka, W. (2002). Contemporary political philosophy: An introduction. Oxford

University Press.

Little, I. M. D. (2002). A critique of welfare economics. Oxford University Press.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198281191.001.0001

Descargas

Publicado

2026-03-23

Cómo citar

Zárate Rochín, A. M. (2026). De la métrica económica a la sostenibilidad de la vida: Propuesta feminista sobre el bienestar. Euphyía, 19(36), 1–48. https://doi.org/10.33064/36euph8892