Effects of Texture Modification of the Diet in Early Satiety, Expected Satiating Capacity and in Total Energy Intake of Patients with Chronic Renal Disease in Replacement Therapy in a General Hospital in Puebla, Mexico.

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition in which kidney function decrease between 50-70%, causing alterations in the elimination of substances from protein catabolism such as creatinine and urea, and alterations in the metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients, so a replacement therapy of renal function is necessary (peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or renal transplantation) Derived from the catabolic state by increase in daily energy expenditure, patients with (CKD) are in a poor nutritional status appetite regulating hormones mainly and ghrelin, mainly an appetite inhibitor effect thus limiting daily caloric intake. This metabolic condition, together with the permanent state of catabolism, places patients in a vulnerable situation to appearance of complications of the disease and the consequent damage to quality of life. A texture-modified diet can help patients consume more calories and eventually improve their nutritional status. Objective: determine the effects of diet texture on early satiety in patients with CKD in replacement therapy (peritoneal dialysis). Method: The carried-out study was analytical, longitudinal, prospective, and quasi-experimental. Sample included patients of both sexes within 44±15.8 years old. Results: it was identified that energy and macronutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) consumption during breakfast were increased when the modified diet (normal diet vs thick pure) was offered (p<0.05). Regarding the perception of satiating capacity and postprandial satiety, a significant difference was also found (p<0.05). Conclusion: The texture-modified diet is an affordable alternative that allows optimal energy and nutritional consumption for the CKD patient, avoiding the barriers of poor appetite and early satiety.