Correlación entre los aspectos personales y laborales con el desgaste profesional de enfermería en un hospital de segundo nivel

Abstract

Introduction: Nursing burnout (NB) is an occupational health problem, especially in health organizations. Nursing is a vulnerable group since it involves activities that need mental and emotional control for the management of patients in the workplace. Objective: To determine the relationship between personal and work aspects with nursing burnout in a second-level hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 165 nurses by a probabilistic sampling of a total of 227. The Nursing Burnout Questionnaire (NBQ) was applied, with 65 questions focused on personal and work data, and the four dimensions of NB, background, syndrome, personality/coping and consequences; it had Cronbach´´´ s alpha of 0.88. NB was classified as low, moderate, or high. Descriptive statistics were used, as well as the Pearson and Chi-square correlation with a 95% confidence level. The study had minimal risk. Results: 90.1% were female with an average age of 42±8.89 years and 46.3% had a bachelor’s degree; 34.6% worked in the night shift for an average of 16 ± 7.74 years, working 42 ± 13 hours, with 7 ± 13 patients; 84% presented a moderate level of NB. Age and number of years working were related to the personality/coping dimension and the number of hours of work with the background. Conclusions: Eight out of ten nurses presented a moderate level of NB; therefore, it is pertinent that prevention, promotion, and intervention programs be generated in co-responsibility of both the institution and the staff to reduce this problem. LUXMÉDICA AÑO 15, NÚMERO 44, MAYOAGOSTO 2020, PP 59-70.